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ABC=0 ACB=0 BAC=0 BCA=0 CAB=0 CBA=0 for i in [1..50]: s=Permutations(3).random_element() if s==[1,2,3]: ABC=ABC+1 if s==[1,3,2]: ACB=ACB+1 if s==[2,1,3]: BAC=BAC+1 if s==[2,3,1]: CAB=CAB+1 if s==[3,2,1]: CBA=CBA+1 if s==[3,1,2]: BCA=BCA+1 #this part above creates a function on the permutations in S_3 by randomly generating 50 permutations and counting how many occurrences of each one. this is our f spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,1], 'specht') MABC=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([1,2,3])) MACB=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([1,3,2])) MBAC=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([2,1,3])) MCAB=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([2,3,1])) MCBA=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([3,2,1])) MBCA=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([3,1,2])) alt=SymmetricGroupRepresentation([1,1,1],'specht') AABC=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation([1,2,3])) AACB=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation([1,3,2])) ABAC=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation([2,1,3])) ACAB=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation([2,3,1])) ACBA=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation([3,2,1])) ABCA=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation([3,1,2])) #the part above gets the matrices for each permutation in S_3, for each representation. P111=ABC*AABC+ACB*AACB+BAC*ABAC+BCA*ABCA+CAB*ACAB+CBA*ACBA #this computes the sum f(s)rho(s) for each element s in S_3, for the representation 1,1,1. In other words, this is the fourier coefficient for the representation 1,1,1 P21=ABC*MABC+ACB*MACB+BAC*MBAC+BCA*MBCA+CAB*MCAB+CBA*MCBA #same as above but for 2,1 print 'P111', P111 print 'P21' print P21
P111 [8] P21 [-2 -7] [-2 -3]
#this is the same process as above but for S_4 instead of S_3 perm=[[1, 2, 3, 4],[1, 2, 4, 3],[1, 3, 2, 4],[1, 3, 4, 2],[1, 4, 2, 3],[1, 4, 3, 2],[2, 1, 3, 4],[2, 1, 4, 3],[2, 3, 1, 4],[2, 3, 4, 1],[2, 4, 1, 3],[2, 4, 3, 1],[3, 1, 2, 4],[3, 1, 4, 2],[3, 2, 1, 4],[3, 2, 4, 1],[3, 4, 1, 2],[3, 4, 2, 1],[4, 1, 2, 3],[4, 1, 3, 2],[4, 2, 1, 3],[4, 2, 3, 1],[4, 3, 1, 2],[4, 3, 2, 1]] #perm=permutations(4) L=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] for i in [1..7000]: s=Permutations(4).random_element() for j in [0..23]: if s==perm[j]: L[j]=L[j]+1 print L M=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] A=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] S=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] T=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([3,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: M[k]=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) square = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,2], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: S[k]=square.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) three = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: T[k]=three.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[1])) alt = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([1,1,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: A[k]=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) P22=0 P31=0 P211=0 P1111=0 for l in [0..23]: P22=P22+S[l]*L[l] for l in [0..23]: P31=P31+M[l]*L[l] for l in [0..23]: P211=P211+T[l]*L[l] for l in [0..23]: P1111=P1111+A[l]*L[l] print 'P31' print P31 print 'P22' print P22 print 'P211' print P211 print 'P1111' print P1111 print (P31[0,0]^2+P31[0,1]^2+P31[0,2]^2+P31[1,0]^2+P31[1,1]^2+P31[1,2]^2+P31[2,0]^2+P31[2,1]^2+P31[2,2]^2)/9.0 print (P22[0,0]^2+P22[0,1]^2+P22[1,0]^2+P22[1,1]^2)/4.0 print (P211[0,0]^2+P211[0,1]^2+P211[0,2]^2+P211[1,0]^2+P211[1,1]^2+P211[1,2]^2+P211[2,0]^2+P211[2,1]^2+P211[2,2]^2)/9.0
[268, 289, 286, 290, 301, 274, 300, 272, 296, 304, 282, 290, 291, 266, 298, 298, 278, 309, 281, 310, 288, 297, 321, 311] P31 [-101 89 -46] [ -5 -1 -40] [ 27 -95 26] P22 [ 32 -20] [ 134 -138] P211 [ 7000 0 0] [ 7000 -7000 0] [ 7000 0 -7000] P1111 [-14] 3588.22222222222 9606.00000000000 2.72222222222222e7
L=[1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] M=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] A=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] S=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] T=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([3,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: M[k]=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) square = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,2], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: S[k]=square.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) three = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: T[k]=three.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) alt = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([1,1,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: A[k]=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) P22=0 P31=0 P211=0 P1111=0 for l in [0..23]: P22=P22+S[l]*L[l] for l in [0..23]: P31=P31+M[l]*L[l] for l in [0..23]: P211=P211+T[l]*L[l] for l in [0..23]: P1111=P1111+A[l]*L[l] print 'P31' print P31 print 'P22' print P22 print 'P211' print P211 print 'P1111' print P1111 print (P31[0,0]^2+P31[0,1]^2+P31[0,2]^2+P31[1,0]^2+P31[1,1]^2+P31[1,2]^2+P31[2,0]^2+P31[2,1]^2+P31[2,2]^2)/9.0 print (P22[0,0]^2+P22[0,1]^2+P22[1,0]^2+P22[1,1]^2)/4.0 print (P211[0,0]^2+P211[0,1]^2+P211[0,2]^2+P211[1,0]^2+P211[1,1]^2+P211[1,2]^2+P211[2,0]^2+P211[2,1]^2+P211[2,2]^2)/9.0
P31 [ 6 0 0] [ 2 0 0] [-2 0 0] P22 [0 0] [0 0] P211 [0 0 0] [0 0 0] [0 0 0] P1111 [0] 4.88888888888889 0.000000000000000 0.000000000000000
Q=matrix([[12,51,6,7],[3,52,22,120],[11,11,1,9],[3,3,3,8]]) F=[Q[0,0]+Q[1,1]+Q[2,2]+Q[3,3], Q[0,0]+Q[1,1]+Q[3,2]+Q[2,3],Q[0,0]+Q[2,1]+Q[1,2]+Q[3,3],Q[0,0]+Q[2,1]+Q[3,2]+Q[1,3],Q[0,0]+Q[3,1]+Q[1,2]+Q[2,3],Q[0,0]+Q[3,1]+Q[2,2]+Q[1,3],Q[1,0]+Q[0,1]+Q[2,2]+Q[3,3],Q[1,0]+Q[0,1]+Q[3,2]+Q[2,3],Q[1,0]+Q[2,1]+Q[0,2]+Q[3,3],Q[1,0]+Q[2,1]+Q[3,2]+Q[0,3],Q[1,0]+Q[3,1]+Q[0,2]+Q[2,3],Q[1,0]+Q[3,1]+Q[2,2]+Q[0,3],Q[2,0]+Q[0,1]+Q[1,2]+Q[3,3],Q[2,0]+Q[0,1]+Q[3,2]+Q[1,3],Q[2,0]+Q[1,1]+Q[0,2]+Q[3,3],Q[2,0]+Q[1,1]+Q[3,2]+Q[0,3],Q[2,0]+Q[3,1]+Q[0,2]+Q[1,3],Q[2,0]+Q[3,1]+Q[1,2]+Q[0,3],Q[3,0]+Q[0,1]+Q[1,2]+Q[2,3],Q[3,0]+Q[0,1]+Q[2,2]+Q[1,3],Q[3,0]+Q[1,1]+Q[0,2]+Q[2,3],Q[3,0]+Q[1,1]+Q[2,2]+Q[0,3],Q[3,0]+Q[2,1]+Q[0,2]+Q[1,3],Q[3,0]+Q[2,1]+Q[1,2]+Q[0,3]] print L M=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] A=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] S=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] T=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([3,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: M[k]=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) square = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,2], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: S[k]=square.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) three = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: T[k]=three.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) alt = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([1,1,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: A[k]=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) P22=0 P31=0 P211=0 P1111=0 for l in [0..23]: P22=P22+S[l]*F[l] for l in [0..23]: P31=P31+M[l]*F[l] for l in [0..23]: P211=P211+T[l]*F[l] for l in [0..23]: P1111=P1111+A[l]*F[l] print 'P31' print P31 print 'P22' print P22 print 'P211' print P211 print 'P1111' print P1111 print (P31[0,0]^2+P31[0,1]^2+P31[0,2]^2+P31[1,0]^2+P31[1,1]^2+P31[1,2]^2+P31[2,0]^2+P31[2,1]^2+P31[2,2]^2)/9.0 print (P22[0,0]^2+P22[0,1]^2+P22[1,0]^2+P22[1,1]^2)/4.0 print (P211[0,0]^2+P211[0,1]^2+P211[0,2]^2+P211[1,0]^2+P211[1,1]^2+P211[1,2]^2+P211[2,0]^2+P211[2,1]^2+P211[2,2]^2)/9.0
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] P31 [ 270 -406 216] [ 706 -490 560] [ 246 -70 160] P22 [0 0] [0 0] P211 [0 0 0] [0 0 0] [0 0 0] P1111 [0] 158616.000000000 0.000000000000000 0.000000000000000
#attempting to create their algorithm F=[0,0,10,0,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,20,0,0,0] Q=matrix([[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0]]) for i in [0..23]: for j in [1..4]: if perm[i][0]==j: Q[0,j-1]=Q[0,j-1]+F[i] for j in [1..4]: if perm[i][1]==j: Q[1,j-1]=Q[1,j-1]+F[i] for j in [1..4]: if perm[i][2]==j: Q[2,j-1]=Q[2,j-1]+F[i] for j in [1..4]: if perm[i][3]==j: Q[3,j-1]=Q[3,j-1]+F[i] print Q S=sorted(Q.list()) #ascending order of Q print S p=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] k=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] for i in [1..9]: C= Subsets([0..k[i-1]], submultiset=True).list() print C for l in [1..len(C)-1]: print sum([C[l][h] for h in [0..len(C[l])-1]]) if S[i-1]==p[0]: k[i-1]=k[i-2] else: k[i-1]=k[i-2]+1 p[i]=S[i-1] print k
[26 0 5 20] [ 5 20 10 16] [20 26 0 5] [ 0 5 36 10] [0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 16, 20, 20, 20, 26, 26, 36] [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [[], [0]] 0 [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
#start with a function f, find its Q1 and Q2, build the 'obvious' f, compare (see page 31 in notebook) Q1=matrix([[12,51,6,7],[3,52,22,120],[11,11,1,9],[3,3,3,8]]) Q2=matrix([[5,0,10,3,1,0],[0,14,0,0,0,5],[6,0,6,0,4,3],[3,4,0,6,0,6],[5,0,0,0,14,0],[0,1,3,10,0,5]]) F1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] #perm=permutations(4) for k in [0..len(perm)-1]: for i in [1..4]: for j in [1..4]: if perm[k][i-1]==j: F1[k]=F1[k]+Q1[j-1,i-1] print F1 F2=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] I=[[1,2],[1,3],[1,4],[2,3],[2,4],[3,4]] #i indexes row in matrix Q2, j indexes column in matrix Q2, I[i-1] indexes the pair corresponding to that row, I[j-1] the pair corresponding to that column for k in [0..len(perm)-1]: for i in [1..6]: for j in [1..6]: # print 'i',i,'j',j, I[i-1], I[j-1] if perm[k][I[i-1][0]-1]==I[j-1][0] and perm[k][I[i-1][1]-1]==I[j-1][1] or perm[k][I[i-1][0]-1]==I[j-1][1] and perm[k][I[i-1][1]-1]==I[j-1][0]: F2[k]=F2[k]+Q2[i-1,j-1] #eg if i=3 and j=2 (so I[i-1]=1,4 and I[j-1]=1,3), does the kth permutation send 1->1,4->3 or 1->3,4->1? #if so, then add the i,j element of Q2 to F2[k] # print 'k',k,'i',i,'j',j,perm[k] print F2 M=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] A=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] S=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] T=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([3,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: M[k]=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) square = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,2], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: S[k]=square.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) three = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: T[k]=three.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) alt = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([1,1,1,1], 'specht') for k in [0..23]: A[k]=alt.representation_matrix(Permutation(perm[k])) P22=0 P31=0 P211=0 P1111=0 P22F2=0 P31F2=0 P211F2=0 P1111F2=0 for l in [0..23]: P22=P22+S[l]*F1[l] for l in [0..23]: P31=P31+M[l]*F1[l] for l in [0..23]: P211=P211+T[l]*F1[l] for l in [0..23]: P1111=P1111+A[l]*F1[l] for l in [0..23]: P22F2=P22F2+S[l]*F2[l] for l in [0..23]: P31F2=P31F2+M[l]*F2[l] for l in [0..23]: P211F2=P211F2+T[l]*F2[l] for l in [0..23]: P1111F2=P1111F2+A[l]*F2[l] print 'P31' print P31 print 'P22' print P22 print 'P211' print P211 print 'P1111' print P1111 print 'P31F2' print P31F2 print 'P22F2' print P22F2 print 'P211F2' print P211F2 print 'P1111F2' print P1111F2
[73, 76, 53, 146, 46, 136, 63, 66, 28, 24, 21, 14, 92, 185, 77, 73, 140, 43, 85, 175, 70, 63, 140, 43] [50, 10, 12, 12, 20, 60, 18, 10, 14, 18, 2, 14, 6, 10, 40, 16, 28, 0, 26, 38, 8, 24, 8, 12] P31 [ 270 -406 216] [ 706 -490 560] [ 246 -70 160] P22 [0 0] [0 0] P211 [0 0 0] [0 0 0] [0 0 0] P1111 [0] P31F2 [ 80 -24 16] [ 80 -8 80] [ 24 0 128] P22F2 [-48 48] [ 36 120] P211F2 [0 0 0] [0 0 0] [0 0 0] P1111F2 [0]
spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([3,2], 'seminormal')
print spc
Seminormal representation of the symmetric group corresponding to [3, 2]
spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([1,2,3,5,4]))
[ 1 0 0 0 0] [ 0 -1/2 0 3/2 0] [ 0 0 -1/2 0 3/2] [ 0 1/2 0 1/2 0] [ 0 0 1/2 0 1/2]
-- spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([4,1], 'orthogonal') spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([1,2,4,5,3]))
[ -1/4 1/4*sqrt(15) 0 0] [ -1/12*sqrt(15) -1/12 2/3*sqrt(2) 0] [1/6*sqrt(15)*sqrt(2) 1/6*sqrt(2) 1/3 0] [ 0 0 0 1]
spc = SymmetricGroupRepresentation([2,2,1], 'orthogonal') L=spc.representation_matrix(Permutation([1,2,4,3,5])) L.nrows()
5